This study was conducted for the construction of nursing according to Korean culture and the purpose of finding the needs of perception of dying-conception, and self decision for healing and confirming its difference with the Korean traditional view of oneself.
The subject were all adults over 18 years old, consisted of 517 who live in six large cities and 191 who live in five rural communities. This study is a descriptive survey using the tool of disease perception, the need of perception of dying, self decision for healing, and traditional view of oneself.
The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, Cronbach alpha and x²test with SAS program.
The results are summarized as follows :
1. Disease perception with critical disease showed that the subject who wants to know his or her critical disease was 84.2% and the subject who didn´t want to know was 15.8%
The difference of the subject who didn´t want to know according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, single, older, lower level of education, Buddhist and Atheist were significantly higher than rural community residents(x2=7.257, p=0.007), married(x2=5.811, p=0.008), younger(x2=15.661, p=0.008), higher level of education(x2=27.771, p=0.000), Christian and Catholic(x2=19.780, p=0.001)
There were no differences in need of disease perception according to sex.
2. Dying perception need when the subject receives the diagnosis if she can live just for 6 months showed that the subject who wants to know was 80.6% and the subject who didn´t want to know was 19.4%. The difference of the subjects who don´t want to know the fact that they just can live according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, married, older, lower level of education, Buddhist and Atheist were significantly higher than those urban residents(x2=7.871, p=0.005), single(x2=17.488, p=0.000), younger(x2=23.239, p=0.000), higher level of education(x2=40.874, p=0.000), Chrisitan and Catholic(x2=19.780, p=0.001). There was no difference in need of perception of dying according to sex.
3. The fact whether they send the message of their dying parents after 6 months showed that subject who sends the message was 31.9%, the subject who doesn´t send 68.1%. The case of sending the message according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, married, older, lower level of education, Buddhist and Atheist were significantly higher than those of urban residents(x2=10.820, p=0.001), single(x2=11.017, p=0.001), younger(x2=20.835, p=0.001), higher level of education(x2=25.5, p=0.000) and Christian and Catholic(x2=20.314, p=0.000). There was no difference in sending the message of dying by sex.
4. The need of self decision for healing method on his or her critical disease showed that the subject who wants to decided by herself was 84.0% and the subject who wants to decided by herself was 84.0% and the subject who wants that his or her family decide was 16.0%. The case that the subject wants his or her family decide according to general characteristics, rural community residents, married, older, lower level of education, Buddhist and Atheist were significantly higher than those or urban residents(x2=19.261, p=0.000), single(x2=20.810, p=0.000), younger(x2=36.673, p=0.000), higher level of education(x2=72.251, p=0.000), Catholic(x2=19.024). There was no difference in need of self decision for healing by sex.
5. The needs of disease and dying perception and self decision for healing according to traditional view of human showed the subject with high traditional view of oneself was lower than the subject with low tradition view of human for the frequency of disease perception need on critical disease(x2=14.696, p=0.000), of dying perception need after 6 month(x2=20.564, p=0.000), of sending message about their parents dying(x2=12.279, p=0.000) and of the need of self decision for healing on critical disease(x2=14.156, p=0.001)
As a result, Koreans had higher needs their disease perception, dying perception and self decision for healing method. However, they had that characteristic of sending no message of their parents dying. The rural community residents, married, older, lower level of education, Buddhist and Atheist who seem to have traditional view of oneself showed less needs of disease and dying perception and self decision for healing.
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